Bone-black revivifier



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(R o Model.)

J. F. STILLMAN.

BONE BLACK REVIVIPIBR. No. 350,170. Patented Oct. 5, 1886,

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet .2.

J. F. STILLMAN.

BONE BLACK REVIVIFIER.

No. 350,170. Patented Oot. 5, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH F. STILLMAN, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

BONE-BLACK REVIVIFIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,170, dated October5, 1886 Application filed Man-1125, 1886. Serial No. 196,48. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J osErH F. STILLMAN, of Brookline, county ofNorfolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inBone-Black Revivifiers, of which the follow ing description, inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to improve the construction ofapparatus for drying boneblack, whereby the aqueous vapor given oft bythe bone-black during the drying process is prevented from coming incontact with the main charge or mass of bone-black.

My invention is especially adapted for use in sugar-refineries, whereinthe bone-black, after being used in the process of sugarrefining, isrenewed or revivified.

The main object of this invention is to pre vent the aqueous vapor whichis given off during the drying process from coming in contact with themain mass or charge of boneblack; and I accomplish my object by placingdirectly over the retorts in which the boneblack is dried a preferablyinclined series of plates provided with h oppers-one for eachretort-said inclined plates forming the upper wall or cover of a chamberbeneath, into which chamber rise the aqueous vapor and productsresulting from the combustion of organic matter contained in thebone-black, said vapor andv the products of combustion being exhaustedfromsaid chamber through asuitable outlet in any usual or suitablemanner.

My invention also has for its object to provide each retort with meansby which the aqueous vapor and products resulting from the combustion-of the organic matter contained in the bone-black may readily pass fromsaid retort throughout its length into the chamber referred to; and Iaccomplish this object by means of a sectional pipe placed in eachretort, and having its upper section extended into the chamber for thereception of the aqueous vapor, said pipe being made so that a passageor opening is left between each section for the more ready passageoutward of said vapor.

My invention consists, essentially, of a combustion-chamber, one or morepassages or chambers communicating with said conrbustion chamber, one ormore retorts in said passages, and the chute F, to contain unrevivifiedbone-black, combined with a plate located above the rctorts to form achamber, E, and hoppers projecting from said plate into said retorts,said chamber receiving the aqueous vapor and products of combustionarising from said retorts.

My invention also consists of a combustionchamber, one or more passagescommunicating with said chamber, one or more retorts in each passage,and a preferably sectional pipe in each retort, combined with a platelocated above the retorts and composed of sections, each section havinghoppers and a stud to engage a bracket on a girder supported on the wallof the kiln, and by which to lock and maintain the said sections inplace.

My invention further consists of details to be hereinafter described,and pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a sufficient portion of abone-black-revivilying kiln to en able my invention to be understood,the co1nbustion-furnace and drier being but partially shown to savespace in the drawing, the Gen tral pipes being mostly in elevation. Fig.2 is an enlarged longitudinal section of one of the plates whichseparate the mass of boneblack from the retorts; Fig. 3, a top view ofFig. 2; Fig. 4, an enlarged sectional view of part of the pipe containedin the retorts, and Figs. 5 and 6 details to be referred to.

Inelosed within the walls A of the kiln are a series of retorts, a,preferably of iron, and preferably arranged side by side in rows in achamber or passage in communication with the fire-ehamber a a part onlyof which is shown. in the drawings. Each retort a is for a portion ofits length, near the top, of larger diameter, thereby forming a flange,by which said retort is supported upon cross-pieces a a", which arethemselves supported by the side walls of the kiln. The cross-pieces aalso rest upon cross beams I), supported by the brick-work of the kiln,and each beam b supports a girder, 1), upon which rests a flanged piece,b", the long flange b" of each piece extending into a retort, c. Asshown in Fig. 1, the retorts a are arranged in pairs, and the spacebetween the said retorts, extending the kiln, is placed a series ofpreferably inclined plates, m, provided each with openings 0, and

having at one end a stud, c, see Fig. 2,) which engages a bracket, 0, tolock and maintain said plate in position, said bracket being attached toa girder, 0*, supported upon the central wall A, as shown in Fig. 1,said plate forming a chamber, E, below it. Through each opening 0 in theplates m is projected a hopper or chute, (I, provided with a dependingflange or lip, d, (see Fig. 6,) which fits into a groove, (2 in theplate m, about the opening 0, such construction forming a seal toprevent the passage of bone-black into the chamber E. The girder c, asherein shown, supports the inclined bottom of a bone-black chute, F, inwhich the bone-black to be revivified is placed, and from which saidboneblaek runs through the outlet 9 down upon the plate m, and throughthe hopper d into the retort with which the hopper is connected.

\Vithin each retort a is placed a pipe, B, composed ofsuperimposedsections g, each sec tion being cut away, as at 9 to formexhaustpassages for the aqueous vapor and products of combustion arisingfrom the burning of the organic matter which has previously beenabsorbed by the bone-black from the sugar-solution as the latter waspassed through said boneblack. Each section 9 is provided with anoutwardly-projecting lip, 9, upon which the bone-black strikes as itruns from the hopper cl into the retort, said flange preventing thebone-black from entering the pipe B. The en perimposed sections 9,composing the pipe B, are each provided with a diametrical cross-bar, h,having a central opening, through which a rod, h, is extended, said rodhaving a nut, h", at its top and bottom, by which the sections arefirmly united together, to thus constitute a single pipe, as shown inFig. 1, the upper section of each being herein shown as provided with aflange, h which serves as an additional support for said pipe.

Instead of using the nut if, the rod It may have a slot, through whichto insert a pin.

The organic matter and water contained in the bone-black are given offas gases and vapor when the bone-black is subjected to heat in theretorts, said gases and vapor passing up intothe pipe B through theopenings or passages 9 and from said pipe the gases and vapor issueintothe chamber E, from which they are exhausted by any suitable meansthrough the outlet k. The gases andvapor asthey pass through thechamberE meet the under side of the plates m, heating the said plates,and thereby effect a partial drying of the bone-black upon-thev uppersurface of said plates, said partial drying expediting the operation inthe retorts.

As fast as the bone-black has been rcvivilicd it is removed from theretort at its bottom in usual manner, and a fresh quantity ofunrevivified bone-black descends by gravity into the retorts a throughthe hopper d.

The plates m, which prevent the gases and vapor issuing froxnthe pipes Bfrom coming in contact with and being absorbed by the main mass ofbone-black above them, are made in sections, as shown, in order toreadily gain access to the retorts. Each section-plate is provided atits sides with flanges m, which en ter a trough-shaped girder, in}, oneend of which rests against the girder c and the other upon the flangedpiece N, as shown in Fig. 1, said trough-shaped girder forming a seal toprevent the bone-black from entering the chamber E.

The construction of the plates m, as shown, permits of ready access tothe retorts when it is desired to make repairs either to the pipe B orto the retort itself.

1. In a kiln for revivifying bone-black, the combustion-chamber, one ormore passages or chambers communicating with said combustion-chamber,one or more retorts in said passages, and the chute F, to containunrevivified boneblack, combined with a plate located above the retortsto form a chamber, E, and hoppers projecting from the said plate intosaid retorts, said chamber receiving the aqueous vapor and products ofcombustion arising from said retorts, substantially as described.

2. In a kiln for revivifying bone-black, the combustion-chamber, one ormore passages or chambers communicating with said combustion-chamber,one or more retorts in said passages, a pipe in each retort, and thechute F, to contain unrevivified bone black, combined with a platelocated above the retorts and provided with hoppers projecting into saidretorts, a chamber, E, being left below the said plate and above saidretorts, said chamber receiving the aqueous vapor and products ofcombustion arising from said retorts, substantially as described.

3. In a kiln for revivifying bone-black, the combustion-chamber, one ormore passages or chambers communicating with said combustion-chamber,one or more retorts in said passages, a sectional pipe in each retort,and the chute F, to contain unrevivified bone-black,

combined with a plate located above the retorts and provided withhoppers projecting into said retorts, a chamber, E, being left below thesaid plate and above said retorts, said chamber receiving theaqueousvapor and products of combustion arising from said retorts,substantially as described.

4:. In a kiln for revivifying bone-black, the combustion-chamber, one ormore passages or chambers communicating with said combustion-chamber,one or more retorts in saidpask sages, a sectional pipe in each retort,and the chute F, to contain unrevivified bone-black,

combined with a sectional plateloeated above the retorts andprovidedwith hoppers projectinginto said rctorts,a chamber, 1*], beingleft below the said plate and above said retoris, said chamber receivingthe aqueous vapor and products of combustion arising from said retorts,substantially as described.

5. In a kiln for revivit'ying bone-black, the combustion-chamber, one ormore passages communicating with said chamber, and the re torts a ineach of said passages, combined with the plate composed of sections m,each section having a stud, c, and one or more openings, 0, to receive ahopper, (Z, and with the girder c, lniving the bracket 0", to be engagedby the stud c, to lock and maintain the section n: in place,substantially as described.

6. In a kiln for revivifyiug bone-blaek, the combustion-chamber, one ormore passages communicating with said chamber, the retorts a in eachot'said passages, and the plateloeated above said retorts and composedof sections m provided with flanges m, combined with the girder m,adapted to receive a flange, m, of each of two contiguous sections and,form a seal for said plate, as and For the purpose set forth.

7. The pipe B, composed of superimposed sections provided each with aprojecting lip and passages 9 combined with the rod h, extended throughsaid pipe, and provided with means, substantially as described, at itstop and bottom to unite said superimposed sections, as and for thepurpose set forth.

8. The pi pc B, composed of superimposed sections provided each withprojecting lip and passages g and crossbar h, having an opening,combined with the rod l1, provided with means, substantially asdescribed, at its top and bottom to unite said superimposed sections, asand for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthepresence of two subscribing witnesses JOSEPH F. STILLMAN.

\V i i n esses G. \V. innuonv, C. M. CONE.

